Macedonia Government and Politics
Following the Constitution of 1991, the Republic of Northern Macedonia is a unified state parliamentary democracy according to AllCityCodes.com.
Reference: Macedonia Flag Meaning
President, Prime Minister and Government
The country’s head of state is a president, elected in the general election for five years. The President has the most ceremonial functions. He or she represents the country, is a military commander, appoints the prime minister, proposes members of the Judicial Council and heads the country’s Security Council (as well as appoints three of its members).
National Assembly
The prime minister and the government have their basis in the legislative assembly, the National Assembly Sobranie. Sobranie is elected in the general election for four years and can have between 120 and 140 members. Following the 2011 election, there are 123 members, three of whom are elected from the Macedonian diaspora.
120 members of the National Assembly are elected in proportional elections on party lists. There are six constituencies that elect 20 members of the National Assembly. D’Hondt’s method is used and there is no barrier.
Yugoslavia, in practice Serbia, in 1992 accepted Northern Macedonia’s resignation from this federation.
Administratively, the country is divided into 84 municipalities (opštini).
Political parties
Northern Macedonian politics is characterized by rivalry between two political blocs. One is led by the conservative VMRO-DPMNE, the other by the Social Democratic SDSM. Both blocks include parties representing Albanian-language voters. This is important as there are ethnic tensions between Macedonians and Albanians in the Republic.
Judiciary
The judiciary must be independent. It is headed by the Supreme Court. Judges are appointed by a Judicial Council, appointed by the National Assembly.
Presidents of Northern Macedonia
Presidents of Northern Macedonia since independence in 1991.
| Year | President |
| 1991-1999 | Kiro Gligorov |
| 1999-2004 | Boris Trajkovskij |
| 2004-2009 | Branko Crvenkovskij |
| 2009- | Gjorge Ivanov |
Prime Ministers of Northern Macedonia
Prime Ministers of Macedonia since independence in 1991.
| Period | Prime minister |
| 1991-1992 | Nikola Kljusev |
| 1992-1998 | Branko Crvenkovskij |
| 1998-2002 | Ljubco Georgievskij |
| 2002-2004 | Branko Crvenkovskij |
| 2004 | Hari Kostov |
| 2004-2006 | Vlado Buckovskij |
| 2006-2017 | Nikola Gruevski |
| 2017- | Zoran Zaev |
